Pre March 2017 Notes
DOS Boot USB Stick, June 10, 2016 08:54, Easy USB boot creator http://rufus.akeo.ie/
Ubuntu non LVM Extension, April 12, 2016 18:18, cfdisk /dev/sdx parted delete the partition and create it again with the desired size resize2fs /dev/sdxY
All for one and Media Center Remote double press issue, January 9, 2015 19:42, I see a lot of creative work being done to get around the problem introduced by the latest critical patch. As people have accurately surmized, the media center remote actually alternates remote codes when a button is pressed. The media center IR driver can use this fact to debounce key presses. The effectively causes the behavior most folks are seeing in that the pronto (and likely other learning remotes) learn only one of the two codes and the IR driver will only accept it once because it is waiting for the alternate code so it can be sure a 2nd key press was made.
The good news is that there’s a registry entry to enable/disable this debouncing behavior in the IR driver. All you need to do is disable it and the pronto and other universal remotes should work fine.
The registry key to disable it is
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesidIrRemotes745a17a0-74d3-11d0-b6fe-00a0c90f57da] On Win 8 this changes to HidIR 🙂
You should see a DWORD key called “EnableDebounce”. You’ll notice it’s set to 1. Set it to 0 to disable debouncing.
You’ll need to reboot the computer to have this registry change take effect.
Extending a volume without Reboot, May 3, 2014 16:41, pvdisplay – Display physical partitions vgdisplay – Display volume names lvdisplay – Display Logical volumes
Bottom line: if the underlying Volume Group doesn’t have enough free space, to extend the Logical Volume you’ll first have to extend the underlying Volume Group by adding another Physical Volume to it.
In VMWare you could either create a new virtual hard disk device to add to the volume group, or extend an existing virtual hard disk device, create a new partition with cfdisk, and add the new partition to the Volume Group:
example 1: you’ve added to VMWare a new virtual hard disk called /dev/sdb pvcreate /dev/sdb vgextend turnkey /dev/sdb
example 2: you’ve expanded the existing sda hard disk cfdisk /dev/sda partprobe pvcreate /dev/sda3 vgextend turnkey /dev/sda3 After you’ve extended the Volume Group, you are free to extend the underlying Logical Volume:
lvextend -L+10G /dev/turnkey/root Extending logical volume root to 27.0 GiB Logical volume root successfully resized Finally, you’ll have to resize the filesystem within /dev/turnkey/root so it can see that the underlying block device just got 10G bigger:
resize2fs /dev/turnkey/root resize2fs 1.41.11 (14-Mar-2010) Filesystem at /dev/turnkey/root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 2 Performing an on-line resize of /dev/turnkey/root to 7077888 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/turnkey/root is now 7077888 blocks long.
Nagios and Freepbx monitoring, December 8, 2013 15:14, Modified from http://www.it-slav.net/blogs/2009/02/13/asterisk-monitoring-with-nagios-or-op5-monitor/
I want to monitor the following: Possibility for a phone to be able to register at the Asterisk server The registration at the SIP providers are OK The Operating system is not overloaded The server where Asterisk is running is up
I use nconf but have included the actually manipulation of text files for completeness!
Implementation
Download and install sip check on your asterisk server http://bashton.com/osprojects/nagiosplugins/ Define it in commands.cfg
command ‘check_sip’ define command{ command_name check_sip command_line /usr/local/libexec/check_sip -u “$ARG1$” } Define the sip check in services.cfg, I also created a service group called ip_telephony service ‘Asterisk Check SIP’ define service{ use default-service host_name dull service_description Asterisk Check SIP check_command check_sip!sip:XXXXX@dull.mynet servicegroups ip_telephony contact_groups it-slav_msn,it-slav_mail,call_it-slav }
On my install the plugins were in /usr/local/nagios/libexec I had to edit check_sip and change the use lib definition to /usr/local/nagios/libexec for it to pick up my perl tools.
Monitor the Peers
With the asterisk command “sip show peers”, information about the connected sip peers can be found:
[root@dull custom] asterisk -rx “sip show peers” Name/username Host Dyn Nat ACL Port Status pulver 69.90.155.70 5060 OK (154 ms) digisip/XXXXX 82.209.165.194 5060 OK (44 ms) 6016 (Unspecified) D 0 UNKNOWN 6005 (Unspecified) D 0 UNKNOWN 6004/6004 10.1.1.168 D 5060 OK (139 ms) 6003/6003 10.1.1.168 D 5060 OK (136 ms) 6002/6002 10.1.1.152 D 5060 OK (8 ms) 6011 (Unspecified) D 0 UNKNOWN 6010 (Unspecified) D 0 UNKNOWN 6000 (Unspecified) D 0 UNKNOWN 6001 (Unspecified) D 0 UNKNOWN 11 sip peers [Monitored: 5 online, 6 offline Unmonitored: 0 online, 0 offline]
Marcus Rejås he has written a Nagios plugin to monitor the sip peers. I got the script and modified to fit my needs, i.e. get performance data for graphing: /opt/plugins/custom/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh
!/bin/bash
Simple Asterisk Peer Check. Copyright (C) 2008 Marcus Rejås / Rejås Datakonsult
Modified with perfdata by Peter Andersson http://www.it-slav.net/blogs/?p=123 peter@it-slav.net
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
Very simple plugin that checks if a peer is ok. The peers needs “qualify=yes” in its configuration.
A peer that is not registered or non-existent will result in error. If the peer is OK a short statusline (from Asterisk) is written. There is timing information suitable for graphing as well.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see .
Example use of this script:
sip:~ ./sip_check_peer mysecretary-100 mysecretary-100/461762501 62.80.200.53 5060 OK (10 ms) sip:~
if [ $ == 0 -o “$1” == “-h” -o $ -gt 1 ]; then echo “Usage: $0” exit 3 fi
LINE=asterisk -r -x “sip show peers” | grep $1 | grep “OK (”
This is a uggly. Just to check that the expression above does not match more then one line.
HITS=asterisk -r -x “sip show peers” | grep $1 | grep “OK (” | wc -l
if [ $HITS -gt 1 ]; then echo “ERROR: Multiple match, tweak your arguments or fix $0 🙂 ” exit 3 fi
if [ “$LINE” ]; then echo -n “OK: ” echo -n $LINE Create perdata echo -n “|time=” echo $LINE | awk ‘{gsub(/(/,””)};{gsub(/)/,””)};{print $(NF-1)$NF}’ exit 0 elif [ -z “$LINE” ]; then echo “CRITICAL: Something is wrong with $1”; exit 2 else echo $LINE exit 2 fi
The command run by hand looks like this: [root@dull /] /opt/plugins/custom/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh pulver OK: pulver 69.90.155.70 5060 OK (166 ms)|time=166ms The plugin is started by nrpe at the asterisk server and configured in /etc/nrpe.d/mycommands.cfg command[asterisk_peer_digisip]=sudo /opt/plugins/custom/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh digisip command[asterisk_peer_pulver]=sudo /opt/plugins/custom/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh pulver command[asterisk_peer_6002]=sudo /opt/plugins/custom/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh 6002 command[asterisk_peer_6003]=sudo /opt/plugins/custom/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh 6003 command[asterisk_peer_6004]=sudo /opt/plugins/custom/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh 6004
/opt/plugins/custom/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh must run as a high privileged user so I’m using sudo, modify /etc/sudoers with visudo: visudo -f /etc/sudoers –snip– nobody ALL= (root) NOPASSWD: /opt/plugins/custom/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh –snip– Turn of requiretty, because it will run without a console –snip– Defaults requiretty –snip–
At this point things didn’t work for me and I had to tweak the script and the sudoers file and add my nagios user to the asterisk group.
The things I changed… LINE=asterisk -r -x “sip show peers” | grep $1 | grep “OK (” to LINE=sudo asterisk -r -x “sip show peers” | grep $1 | grep “OK (”
Added nagios to the asterisk group
nobody ALL= (root) NOPASSWD: /opt/plugins/custom/check_asterisk_sip_peers.sh to nagios ALL=(all) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/asterisk
Again Peters post is copied here, again I ignored it and used nconf!
The service checks are defined in services.cfg and also put into the same servicegroup service ‘Asterisk Peer Pulver’ define service{ use default-service host_name dull service_description Asterisk Peer Pulver check_command check_nrpe!asterisk_peer_pulver servicegroups ip_telephony contact_groups it-slav_sms,it-slav_mail,call_it-slav }
I also defined the other peers, i.e. digisip, 6002, 6003, 6004 The servicegroup is defined in servicegroups.cfg servicegroup ‘ip_telephony’ define servicegroup{ servicegroup_name ip_telephony alias IP – Telephony }
Zimbra 8 SSL, November 15, 2013 19:48, openssl req -nodes -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout server.key -out server.csr
cp server.key /opt/zimbra/ssl/zimbra/commercial/commercial.key cp server.crt /opt/zimbra/ssl/zimbra/commercial/commercial.crt cp server.ca-bundle /opt/zimbra/ssl/zimbra/commercial/commercial_ca.crt /opt/zimbra/openssl/bin/openssl verify -CAfile commercial_ca.crt commercial.crt
/opt/zimbra/bin/zmcertmgr deploycrt comm /opt/zimbra/ssl/zimbra/commercial/commercial.crt /opt/zimbra/ssl/zimbra/commercial/commercial_ca.crt
su – zimbra $ zmcontrol stop $ zmcontrol start
Nagios NRPE Ubuntu, April 4, 2013 12:30, First, you need to install the nagios-nrpe-server. There is a nagios-nrpe-plugin but that’s not what you need because that is just the plugin and you need this daemon (Linux equivalent of a Windows Service for all you Windows guys).
sudo apt-get install nagios-nrpe-server
sudo ps -Al | grep nrpe
netstat -an | grep 5666
Next, we need to set up the Nagios server to be able to check our machine.
sudo nano /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
and change allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,x.x.x.x
sudo /etc/init.d/nagios-nrpe-server restart
From the Nagios server /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H y.y.y.y
ESXi Nagios Plugin,February 1, 2013 15:47, http://www.claudiokuenzler.com/nagios-plugins/check_esxi_hardware.php
Windows Update Client, September 4, 2012 09:18, Windows Update WUAUCLT Command Line Switches
The command line switches to WUAUCLT — the Windows Update Automatic Updates client — are documented, just not very coherently. There’s quite a few of them, but the only ones I need regularly are the ones to force update checks. They work with Windows 2000 Server and Windows Server 2003, though they make work on other versions.
These checks are typically done when you restart the update service on the client, which can be done manually by restarting the service.
net stop wuauserv net start wuauserv
Even then, a lot of times I’ll want to verify on the WSUS server that there aren’t any more updates remaining for a particular host; I’m too impatient to wait for a client to report in on its own.
wuauclt /detectnow
The detectnow switch will force a relatively immediate query to the WSUS server to see if there are any updates that are needed. If there are, the yellow shield will appear in the system tray. This is usually pretty quick, within 20-30 seconds.
wuauclt /r /ReportNow
The ReportNow switch will force the client to send updated status to the WSUS server. It may take a minute or two for the server to reconcile and display the updated status.
Reregister a machine wuauclt /resetauthorization /detectnow
If things still aren’t working, the Windows Update log can be found at %systemroot%WindowsUpdate.log. The log file — strangely verbose, for Microsoft — is just text and viewable in Notepad. If the server you’re trying to connect to is crapping out, or your group policy is pointing you to the wrong server, the proof will be in there.
Ubuntu Nagios Server, October 29, 2011 22:34, Nagios and NConf on Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx By jason | Published: August 24, 2010 Have you been wondering about how to get Nagios and NConf setup on your Ubuntu server? Well, I took some notes the last time around, and here they are, for anyone that may find them useful. Here we go!
Prerequisites If you didn’t check the box to configure your box as a LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) server when you first setup your box, do that first with:
sudo apt-get install apache2 sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5 If you want phpMyAdmin (for web-based MySQL administration):
sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin Installing Nagios Install Nagios with
sudo apt-get install nagios3 It should install all the necessary dependencies. Follow the prompts to get it configured and test it out by browsing to http:///nagios3
If you would like to monitor Windows servers using NSClient++ (which I am doing), also install the NRPE plugin with
sudo apt-get install nagios-nrpe-plugin I felt like I ought to backup the config files before I started messing with them, so I backed them up with
sudo cp -r /etc/nagios3 /etc/nagios3.backup Installing NConf NConf provides a web-based frontend for configuring Nagios. There’s no package in the Ubuntu repositories for it, but you can download it pretty easily. Version 1.2.6 was the latest as of the time of this writing, so make sure you’re getting the latest version. (Note: it looks like the link below gets cut off, so here’s a link to the NConf download page where you can grab the latest source)
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nconf/files/nconf/1.2.6-0/nconf-1.2.6-0.tgz/download Unpack it to your webroot: sudo tar xzvf nconf-1.2.6-0.tgz -C /var/www Change the owner of the folder and files you just extracted to the web user: sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/nconf Now you’ll need to create a MySQL database to hold the NConf configuration data. Using phpMyAdmin (sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin if you don’t have it) do the following: Privileges -> Add a new User User name: nconf Host: localhost Password: (generate, and make a note of the generated password) Create database with the same name and grant all privileges Go Privileges -> reload the privileges Then browse to http:///nconf and follow the prompts to finish initial configuration of NConf.
When you get to the database configuration page, enter nconf for the username and the database name, and use the generated password you should have made a note of earlier. For most everything else, accept the defaults, but change the NAGIOS_BIN variable to /usr/sbin/nagios3 to reference the right location.
Finally, remove the folders and files referenced at the end of the installation process:
sudo rm -r /var/www/nconf/INSTALL sudo rm /var/www/nconf/INSTALL.php sudo rm -r /var/www/nconf/UPDATE sudo rm /var/www/nconf/UPDATE.php At this point, you should be able to login to NConf, although it won’t be doing anything of importance.
Configuring Nagios to use NConf We’ll need to make some changes to one of the Nagios configuration files, so (using sudo) open up /etc/nagios3/nagios.cfg in your favorite editor and delete or comment out all the lines that begin with cfg_dir= or cfg_file= and add the following lines:
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios3/global
cfg_dir=/etc/nagios3/Default_collector
Back at the terminal, run the following command to create a folder for NConf to dump the configuration files it generates.
sudo mkdir /etc/nagios3/import Configuring NConf to Deploy Nagios Configurations Automatically Almost there. Using sudo, open up /var/www/nconf/ADD-ONS/deploy_local.sh and make the following changes to paths:
OUTPUT_DIR=”/var/www/nconf/output/” NAGIOS_DIR=”/etc/nagios3/” … /etc/init.d/nagios3 reload This script will deploy the generated configuration package and then reload the running instance of Nagios, but it’s easiest to use just installed in the root crontab.
sudo crontab -e and adding the line
/var/www/nconf/ADD-ONS/deploy_local.sh Final Steps After saving and closing the root crontab, log back into NConf and take a look around. You’ll see some sample definitions and some predefined services for the localhost computer. You may want to delete the check_local_mrtgtraf and check_local_procs services, as the first one doesn’t work without additional configuration and the second one is a sample definition, but you can make those changes at your leisure.
Once you’re ready, click Generate Nagios config, and if all goes well, you’ll see something like the following:
[ Initializing NConf perl-API (library version 0.2, written by A. Gargiulo) ] [ Copyright (c) 2006-2009 Sunrise Communications AG, Zurich, Switzerland ]
[INFO] Starting generate_config script [INFO] Generating global config files [INFO] Generating config for Nagios-collector ‘Default Nagios’ [INFO] Ended generate_config script
Running syntax check:
Default_collector: Total Warnings: 0 Total Errors: 0 Changes updated successfully. Now log back into Nagios and click on Service Detail. Within a minute or two, you should see the hosts and services change to reference the configuration as generated from NConf.
If that works, then huzzah!
Start making your configuration changes in NConf and enjoy not having the manipulate those Nagios conf files by hand anymore!
Troubleshooting, Tips and Caveats Try running the deploy_local.sh script by hand (with sudo) if it doesn’t appear that Nagios is getting the configurations from NConf. You may be able to glean some information from the output of that script.
New hosts not showing up in Nagios after being created in NConf? Make sure you’ve selected Default Nagios under “monitored by” when defining the host, or that host won’t get assigned properly.
This setup process effectively disables all the command definitions provided by the package install of Nagios, which are stored under /etc/nagios-plugins/config. I looked through them and compared them to the ones provided by default with NConf, and I was fine with what NConf provided. NConf provides a mechanism to import command definitions if you really find that you need them.
I have no idea how this setup will hold up under an upgrade of the Nagios package. We’ll see when the time comes, and if I remember, I’ll update these notes.
If you have any trouble with the steps provided above, please comment and I’ll do what I can to assist.
EDIT /var/www/nconf/config/nconf.php NAGIOS_BIN = /usr/sbin/nagios3
From http://digitalcardboard.com/blog/2010/08/24/nagios-and-nconf-on-ubuntu-10-04-lucid-lynx/
Ubuntu Nagios Error, August 16, 2011 11:02,
Error: Could not stat() command file ‘/var/lib/nagios3/rw/nagios.cmd’!
In “/etc/nagios3/nagios.cfg” the “check_external_commands=1″ set.
/etc/init.d/nagios3 stop dpkg-statoverride –update –add nagios www-data 2710 /var/lib/nagios3/rw dpkg-statoverride –update –add nagios nagios 751 /var/lib/nagios3 /etc/init.d/nagios3 start
MySQL, August 13, 2011 10:44
create database newdatabase;
CREATE USER ‘newuser’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password’;
grant usage on *.* to newuser@localhost;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON newdatabase. * TO ‘newuser’@’localhost’;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Windows 2008 R2 – WDTV Live fix, June 2, 2011 18:20 michael Enable ‘Netbios over TCP/IP’ Enable service ‘Computer Browser’ Enable service ‘SSDP Discovery’ Disabled firewall
IPTables, February 3, 2011 10:24, iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules
AutoLogin, November 24, 2010 15:59, You can use Registry Editor to add your log on information. To do this, follow these steps: Click Start, click Run, type regedit, and then click OK. Locate the following registry key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREMicrosoftWindows NTCurrentVersionWinlogon Using your account name and password, double-click the DefaultUserName entry, type your user name, and then click OK. Double-click the DefaultPassword entry, type your password under the value data box, and then click OK.
If there is no DefaultPassword value, create the value. To do this, follow these steps: In Registry Editor, click Edit, click New, and then click String Value. Type DefaultPassword as the value name, and then press ENTER. Double-click the newly created key, and then type your password in the Value Data box. Note: If the DefaultPassword registry entry does not exist, Windows XP automatically changes the value of the AutoAdminLogonregistry key from 1 (true) to 0 (false) to turn off the AutoAdminLogon feature after the computer is restarted. Double-click the AutoAdminLogon entry, type 1 in the Value Data box, and then click OK.
If there is no AutoAdminLogon entry, create the entry. To do this, follow these steps: In Registry Editor, click Edit, click New, and then click String Value. Type AutoAdminLogon as the value name, and then press ENTER. Double-click the newly created key, and then type 1 in the Value Data box. Exit Registry Editor. Click Start, click Restart, and then click OK.
Disable strict name checking, November 24, 2010 15:57, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanServer\Parameters
New DWORD (32-bit) Value. Value name DisableStrictNameChecking, 1 in the Value data
Climate Monitor Firmware, November 24, 2010 15:49, http://vms.vmslive.com/climatemonitor/firmware/Current
Convert KMS to MAK, November 24, 2010 15:46, slmgr.vbs /ipk